A Prospective Study on Association of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become over the last decade the most common form of chronic liver disease in children and adults. It is tightly associated with obesity and threatens to become a serious public health problem. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is also commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, this study was carried out to know the Prevalence of NAFLD and NASH in type 2 DM: To study the clinical manifestations, trend and outcome of all confirmed dengue cases admitted in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This prospective study was designed to enroll known T2DM patients (duration ≥3 years), in age group of 25-65 years, attending an outpatient Medicine department of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, a tertiary care Centre. NAFLD and NASH will be suspected in a patient who is found to have elevations in liver tests such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The only means of proving a confirmatory diagnosis of NASH will be done by liver biopsy. Results: A total of 325 patients, with more number of female patients 180 (55.38%) than male patients 145 (44.61%) were recruited with the suspicion of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Out of 325 patients enrolled in the study, n=178 (54.76%) T2DM patients (n=103 female and n=75 male), was identified as having NAFLD, and n=15 as NASH. Conclusion: We conclude that the prevalence of NAFLD and NASH is high in type 2 DM patients and liver biopsy is the only investigation to differentiate between non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis.